Old Steamers

Size a Feed Pump From Flow, Head, and Efficiency in One Pass

Calculate hydraulic, shaft, and motor power for a boiler feed pump from flow, head, density, and efficiency, with worked examples at realistic duty points.

Walt Brenner · 1 min read

Sizing a boiler feed pump starts with the standard pump power equation, but feedwater complicates it: near-boiling water is about 4% less dense than cold, and drum pressure has to be converted into head at that density. The calculator handles the unit conversions and efficiency chain — hydraulic to shaft to motor input — so you can sanity-check a duty point in seconds.

Enter flow, head, density, and efficiencies to compute the power chain; the worked-example table covers common duty points.

A boiler feed pump has to push water into the boiler against full drum pressure plus system losses. The sizing math is the standard pump power equation: hydraulic power Ph = ρ·g·Q·H, and shaft power = Ph ÷ pump efficiency. Feedwater near 100 °C has a density of about 958 kg/m³ — noticeably below cold water, which is why the temperature field matters. Results are estimates (~) for first-pass sizing, not a substitute for a manufacturer's curve.

Shaft power: ~28.0 kW

Worked Examples at 70% Pump Efficiency, ρ = 958 kg/m³

Flow (m³/h)Head (m)Hydraulic kWShaft kW
10100~2.6~3.7
25100~6.5~9.3
50150~19.6~28.0
75200~39.2~55.9
100250~65.3~93.2
150300~117.5~167.8

Head from pressure: 1 bar of boiler pressure is roughly 10.6 m of head for hot feedwater (H = p ÷ ρg). Add static lift and friction losses, then a 10–20% margin for economizer fouling and valve wear before choosing a pump frame.

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